A programming language is a set of data with values having predefined characteristics. Examples of data types are: integer, floating point unit number, character, string, and pointer. 

An umbrella term used to describe any approach to data management that allows an application to retrieve and manipulate data without requiring technical details about the data, such as how it is formatted or where it is physically located.

A graphical representation of numerical data. The right data visualization tool can present a complex data set in a way that is simple to understand.

A central repository for all or significant parts of the data that an enterprise's various business systems collect. Typically, a data warehouse is housed on an enterprise mainframe server. 

A combination hardware and software product that is designed specifically for analytical processing. An appliance allows the purchaser to deploy a high-performance data warehouse right out of the box. 

A data warehouse is a database that is designed for query and analysis rather than for transaction processing. Testing a data warehouse involves validating the data required and the data sources, data profiling, data quality & performance, data transformation rules, reviewing the data dictionary, validating source to target mapping, validation of ETL/DW architecture, validation of Data Model (dimentional modeling, normalized approach), indexing & partitioning, error loging, exceptional handling, OLAP & cube testing and report testing.

A collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.

The observation of actions in a database. DAM tools monitor, capture and record database events in near-real time and provide alerts about policy violations.

A DBA directs or performs all activities related to maintaining a successful database environment. Responsibilities also include establishing policies and procedures, security, maintenance, and training employees.

A High Availability (HA) and data recovery feature of Exchange Server 2010. A DAG which can consist of up to 16 Exchange mailbox servers, automates recovery at the database-level after a database, server or network failure. 

Database design is a process of producing a detailed data model of a database. The logical data model contains all the logical and physical design choices and physical storage parameters needed to generate a design in a data definition language, which can then be used to create a database.

Databse Developers are those concerned with the maintenance of data integrity, database structure,  its availability and performance.

A program that lets one or more computer users create and access data in a database. The DBMS manages user requests, and ensures the integrity and security of the data.

A repository for centralized storage of information about objects or people. This type of database is commonly maintained by businesses to store information about subscribers, clients, facilitating optimal service-oriented management (SOM). 

The frequent electronic copying data from a database in one computer or server to a database in another so that all users share the same level of information. The purpose is to eliminate data ambiguity or inconsistency among users.

Database security concerns the use of a broad range of information security controls to protect databases (potentially including the data, the database applications or stored functions, the database systems, the database servers and the associated network links) against compromises of their confidentiality, integrity and availability. It involves various types or categories of controls, such as technical, procedural/administrative and physical. Database security is a specialist topic within the broader realms of computer security, information security and risk management.