The ability to obtain data from a storage device by going directly to where it is physically located on the device rather than by having to sequentially look for the data at one physical location after another. 

A network file system, similar to NFS and CIFS, that allows applications to transfer data while bypassing operating system control, buffering, and network protocol operations that can bottleneck throughput. 

A general term for magnetic disk storage devices. The term has historically been used in the mainframe and minicomputer (mid-range computer) environments and is sometimes used to refer to hard disk drives for personal computers. 

A communications specification that defines a format for attaching files (called payloads) to Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) messages between application programs over the Internet. 

A capability provided by some computer bus architectures that allows data to be sent directly from an attached device (such as a disk drive) to the memory on the computer's motherboard. 

A method of paying for merchandise by charging the purchase to a cellular telephone (mobile phone) account. At the time of checkout, the customer selects the mobile billing option on a smartphone and follows a two-factor authentication procedure.

An approach to spread spectrum modulation for digital signal transmission over the airwaves. The stream of information to be transmitted is divided into small pieces, each of which is allocated across to a frequency channel across the spectrum. 

Direct2D is a hardware-accelerated, immediate-mode, 2-D and vector graphics application programming interface (API) that provides high performance and high-quality rendering for 2-D geometry, bitmaps, and text. It is designed by Microsoft and implemented in Windows 8, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, and also Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008.

Direct3D is a graphics application programming interface (API) for Microsoft Windows and is part of Windows operating system. Direct3D is used to render three-dimensional graphics in applications where performance is important, such as games.

Microsoft DirectComposition is a Windows component that enables high-performance bitmap composition with transforms, effects, and animations. Application developers can use the DirectComposition API to create visually engaging user interfaces that feature rich and fluid animated transitions from one visual to another.

An attempt to determine the valid e-mail addresses associated with an e-mail server in order to harvest and add them to a spam database. A DHA can use either of two methods - brute force approach and sending a message to the most likely usernames.

An application of the Extensible Markup Language (XML) that enables different computer network directory formats to be expressed in a common format and shared by different directory systems.

A form of HTTP exploit in which a hacker uses the software on a Web server to access data in a directory other than the server's root directory. If the attempt is successful, the hacker can view restricted files or execute commands on the server. 

An industry-standard initiative and specification for how to construct and store information about a network's users, applications, and data in a central directory.

DirectX is a set of low-level Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) that provides Windows programs with high-performance hardware-accelerated multimedia support. It provides access to the capabilities of your display and audio cards, which enables programs to provide realistic three-dimensional (3-D) graphics and immersive music and audio effects. DirectX enables the program to easily determine the hardware capabilities of your computer, and then sets the program parameters to match.

A database record that contains errors. Dirty data can be caused by a number of factors including duplicate records, incomplete or outdated data, and the improper parsing of record fields from disparate systems.